Aplastic Anemia: Definition and Overview

Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious condition where the bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells. This can lead to fatigue, infections, and excessive bleeding.

Causes of Aplastic Anemia

• Autoimmune disorders attacking bone marrow cells
• Exposure to toxic chemicals, such as benzene
• Radiation or chemotherapy treatments
• Viral infections like hepatitis
• Genetic disorders affecting bone marrow function

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Common symptoms include extreme fatigue, frequent infections, and unexplained bruising. Diagnosis is confirmed through:

• Blood tests (complete blood count)
• Bone marrow biopsy
• Immunological assessments

Treatment Options

Depending on the severity, treatment options include:

• Bone marrow transplant (for severe cases)
• Immunosuppressive therapy
• Blood transfusions
• Medications like cyclosporine and anti-thymocyte globulin

Living with Aplastic Anemia

Patients need ongoing medical support and lifestyle adjustments. Preventing infections and avoiding toxic exposures are crucial.