Anatomy and Function of the Nasal Septum and Lateral Wall of the Nose

Introduction

The nasal septum and lateral wall of the nose play a crucial role in respiration, olfaction, and filtration of airborne particles. Understanding their anatomy and function provides insights into various ENT-related conditions and treatments.

Anatomy of the Nasal Septum

Structure

• Comprised of bone and cartilage
• Divides the nasal cavity into two halves
• Supports airflow and mucosal functions

Nerve Supply

• Sensory innervation primarily from the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve
• Autonomic innervation influences nasal secretions

Anatomy of the Lateral Wall

Structure

• Composed of turbinates, which regulate airflow
• Lined with respiratory epithelium for humidification

Nerve Supply

• Trigeminal nerve branches provide sensory feedback
• Autonomic fibers control vascular and glandular functions

Function of the Nasal Septum and Lateral Wall

These structures contribute to air filtration, temperature regulation, and moisture retention. They also impact olfactory sensation and overall respiratory health.

Clinical Relevance

Disorders such as septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, and nasal obstruction can significantly impact nasal function and quality of life.