Anatomical considerations of enlarged inguinal lymph nodes
Differential diagnosis based on anatomical features of enlarged inguinal lymph nodes
Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes may indicate infections, malignancy, or autoimmune conditions. Their anatomical features help in differential diagnosis and management.
Anatomical Considerations of Enlarged Inguinal Lymph Nodes
The inguinal lymph nodes are a critical component of the immune system, located in the groin region. Enlargement of these nodes can indicate various underlying conditions ranging from infections to malignancies.
Overview
Inguinal lymph nodes filter lymphatic fluid from the lower limb, perineum, and anterior abdominal wall. Anatomical changes in these nodes can guide differential diagnosis.
Causes of Enlargement
- Infectious Causes: Bacterial (cellulitis, tuberculosis), viral (HIV, Epstein-Barr virus), or parasitic infections.
- Malignancy: Lymphomas, metastatic cancers from lower limb or genital regions.
- Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Other Conditions: Drug reactions, sarcoidosis, or idiopathic lymphadenopathy.
Clinical Presentation
Symptoms accompanying lymph node enlargement include tenderness, redness, and systemic signs such as fever or weight loss.
Diagnostic Approach
- Physical Examination: Palpation to assess size, tenderness, mobility.
- Imaging: Ultrasound, CT scan.
- Biopsy: Histopathological evaluation if malignancy is suspected.
Management and Treatment
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Infections require antibiotics or antivirals, while malignancies might necessitate surgical or oncological intervention.
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