Amputation: Indications and Considerations

Amputation is the surgical removal of a limb or extremity. It is a life-changing procedure, often required to alleviate pain, prevent life-threatening complications, or restore function.

Indications for Amputation

Amputation is performed for various medical reasons, including:

1. Vascular Diseases

• Peripheral artery disease (PAD) leading to non-healing ulcers
• Diabetes-related gangrene

2. Severe Trauma

• Crush injuries beyond repair
• Complex fractures with vascular compromise

3. Tumors

• Malignant bone or soft tissue tumors
• Extensive sarcomas requiring limb removal

4. Infections

• Severe osteomyelitis resistant to treatment
• Necrotizing fasciitis causing extensive tissue death

5. Congenital Conditions

• Non-functional limb deformities
• Severe birth defects affecting mobility

Preoperative Considerations

Before amputation, a thorough assessment is required. Key aspects include:

• Evaluating overall patient health
• Determining the level of amputation
• Assessing the need for prosthetic intervention
• Psychological and rehabilitation planning

Postoperative Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation aims to restore function, mobility, and quality of life. It includes:

• Physical therapy to improve strength
• Psychosocial support for mental well-being
• Prosthetic training for independence